Understanding fundamental dog training terminology helps you communicate better with your trainer and your dog:

1. Marker: A precise sound or word (like "Yes!" or a clicker) that tells the dog the exact moment they performed the correct behavior.

2. Threshold: The distance at which a dog notices a distraction but can still focus and obey before becoming overwhelmed or reactive.

3. Impulse Control: Your dog's ability to resist immediate temptations (like food or running out an open door) until given permission.

4. Generalization: Teaching your dog that a command applies everywhere—not just inside your quiet living room, but at busy parks and beaches too.

5. Drive: A dog's innate motivation (such as prey drive, food drive, or play drive) used constructively in balanced training.